Boxing and martial arts punching

Boxing is a combat sport in which two people throw punches at each other with gloved hands. Boxing requires strength, speed, endurance and fast reflexes. Also included here under the heading Boxing are mixed martial arts punching and martial art punching such as in karate. Karate punches are straight thrusts and arguably less powerful than a boxer’s follow-through punches. Types of movements in boxing include jabs (punches which retract) and hooks and uppercuts (follow-through punches).

Boxing involves head flexion and extension, cervical flexion, sidebending and rotation, thoracic flexion and extension, lumbar flexion and extension, sidebending and rotation, scapula retraction, protraction, ……